在CentOS 7安裝Oracle Database 19c單機版
安裝Oracle
步驟1：至Oracle網站取得Oracle的帳號，並下載Oracle Database RPM安裝檔，如下圖洪匡處，RPM檔案可以利用SFTP或其他方式上傳到伺服器上。
步驟2：準備一台CentOS 7伺服器，至少2 CPU、4 GB 記憶體，硬碟空間按照自己需求即可，另外，記得要先執行更新($ yum update)！
步驟3：確認Hostname是否正確，並請確保DNS解析正常，若只是單機，建議在 /etc/hosts中設定Hostname。
步驟4：關閉SELinux。
$ sudo vi /etc/selinux/config步驟5：關閉防火牆。 (因為是單機，且用做實驗，若是生產環境，請按照當下環境的規範！)
$ sudo systemctl stop firewalld
$ sudo systemctl disable firewalld步驟6：設定Oracle的Yum源。
$ sudo curl http://public-yum.oracle.com/public-yum-ol7.repo -o /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol7.repo
$ sudo sed -i -e "s/enabled=1/enabled=0/g" /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol7.repo
$ rpm --import http://yum.oracle.com/RPM-GPG-KEY-oracle-ol7步驟7：安裝Oracle Database Preinstall工具，確保環境沒有缺漏。
$ sudo yum --enablerepo=ol7_latest -y install oracle-database-preinstall-19c步驟8：安裝Oracle Database。
$ sudo rpm -Uvh oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1.x86_64.rpm
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:oracle-database-ee-19c-1.0-1 ################################# [100%]
[INFO] Executing post installation scripts...
[INFO] Oracle home installed successfully and ready to be configured.
To configure a sample Oracle Database you can execute the following service configuration script as root: /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure步驟9：編輯設定檔案，在此我們不做任何更動。
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c.conf
# change default settings if you need
# listening port for Listener
LISTENER_PORT=1521
# data location
ORACLE_DATA_LOCATION=/opt/oracle/oradata
# EM_EXPRESS_PORT: Oracle EM Express listener
# listening port for Enterprise Manager
EM_EXPRESS_PORT=5500步驟10：設定Oracle Database，此步驟需要一些時間來完成設定。
$ /etc/init.d/oracledb_ORCLCDB-19c configure
Configuring Oracle Database ORCLCDB.
Prepare for db operation
8% complete
Copying database files
31% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
32% complete
36% complete
40% complete
43% complete
46% complete
Completing Database Creation
51% complete
54% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
58% complete
77% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:ORCLCDB
System Identifier(SID):ORCLCDB
Look at the log file "/opt/oracle/cfgtoollogs/dbca/ORCLCDB/ORCLCDB.log" for further details.
Database configuration completed successfully. The passwords were auto generated, you must change them by connecting to the database using 'sqlplus / as sysdba' as the oracle user.步驟11：修改帳號oracle的密碼，因為此時的密碼是系統亂數產生的。
$ sudo passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password:
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.步驟12：調整設定：
$ sudo vi /etc/oratab
ORCLCDB:/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1:Y
# 從N改為Y
# 新增設定檔案
$ sudo vi /etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oradata
ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB步驟13：設定接聽器服務(Listener Service) Systemd。
$ sudo vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/OracleLsnrctl.service
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Net Listener
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl start
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/lsnrctl stop
User=oracle
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target步驟14：設定資料庫服務Systemd。
$ sudo vi /usr/lib/systemd/system/OracleDatabase.service
[Unit]
Description=Oracle Database service
After=network.target lsnrctl.service
[Service]
Type=forking
EnvironmentFile=/etc/sysconfig/ORCLCDB.oracledb
ExecStart=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
ExecStop=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
User=oracle
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target步驟15：設定開機啟動Oraccle。
$ sudo systemctl enable --now OracleLsnrctl OracleDatabase步驟16：接下來改用oracle帳號操作，所以轉換身份。
$ su - oracle步驟17：設定bash_profille，加入以下設定值：
oracle$ vi ~/.bash_profile
umask 022
export ORACLE_SID=ORCLCDB
export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle/oradata
export ORACLE_HOME=/opt/oracle/product/19c/dbhome_1
export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin
oracle$ source ~/.bash_profile步驟18：以sysdba身份登入。
oracle$ sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production on Fri Oct 15 01:08:45 2021
Version 19.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2019, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Oracle Database 19c Enterprise Edition Release 19.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 19.3.0.0.0顯示以上資訊表示已經以sysdba身份登入Oracle成功了！
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